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Advanced Non-Destructive Testing

Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing (PAUT)

Ultrasonic phased array (PA) testing uses multiple ultrasonic elements and electronic time delays to generate and receive ultrasound, creating beams by constructive and destructive interference.

In PAUT, a phased array probe consists of multiple individual elements that can be electronically controlled to produce ultrasonic beams with various angles, focal lengths, and focal depths. By manipulating the timing and amplitude of the ultrasonic waves emitted by each element, technicians can dynamically adjust the beam’s focus and direction, allowing for rapid scanning of complex geometries and precise defect characterization.

PAUT offers several advantages over conventional ultrasonic testing methods, including faster inspection times, improved defect detection and sizing capabilities, and the ability to perform inspections from a single position without the need to physically move the probe. Some of the many applications for Phased Array are:

  • Weld Inspections
  • Critical flaw sizing and monitoring
  • Corrosion monitoring
  • Flanges -raised face for cracking or corrosion
  • In Bolts Inspection, Shafts Inspection,
  • Tube to Header welds
  • Turbine Rotor Blades

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Time of Flight Diffraction Ultrasonic Testing (ToFD)

Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) is an advanced ultrasonic testing technique used for accurate flaw detection and sizing in weldments

In ToFD, it uses longitudinal waves as the primary detection mode. Two ultrasonic probes are used – one emitting ultrasonic waves and the other receiving them. The emitted waves travel through the material and are diffracted by the edges of any defects they encounter. The time taken for the diffracted waves to reach the receiving probe is measured, providing information about the size and location of defects. By analyzing the time of flight of the diffracted waves, technicians can accurately determine the size and position of defects within the material.

ToFD is known for its high sensitivity to small defects, its ability to provide accurate defect sizing, and its capability to inspect a large volume of material in a single scan. Time of flight diffraction (ToFD) is one of the most reliable non-destructive testing methods in testing welds for both pre-service and in-service inspection.  Any clients who wants accurate sizing of the height of defects for their fitness for service calculations should be interested in considering ToFD. These techniques assure the integrity and reliability of the components.

IRSSB offer ToFD Time of Flight Diffraction Weld Testing for In-service components:

  • Weld root erosion testing in fluid carrying pipelines, high pressure steam pipes in power stations
  • Fatigue crack sizing & monitoring to continue plant operation safely before reaching critical crack size
  • Stress corrosion cracks & Creep cracks mapping & monitoring to continue plant operation safely before reaching critical crack size

IRSSB regularly inspect using TOFD Time of Flight Diffraction for welds in:

  • Pressure Vessels
  • High pressure steam pipes<
  • Fluid carrying pipelines
  • Fatigue crack sizing

IRS’s well qualified personnel hold a minimum of Level II in ISO 9712, PCN, ASNT or CSWIP and are highly experienced in performing Time of flight Diffraction (ToFD).

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Long-Range Ultrasonic Testing (LRUT)

Long range ultrasonic testing provides rapid screening for corrosion and erosion in pipelines.

Long range ultrasonic testing (LRUT), also known as Guided Wave Ultrasonic Testing, is a fast and cost-effective method for inspecting long lengths of pipe. IRS specializes in using LRUT at oil and gas refineries and in the downstream processing sector. Hundreds of meters of pipe can be screened in one day from one single location and the technique can inspect 100% of the pipe wall. LRUT can be performed on piping that is in operation, insulated and buried, and in areas that are difficult to access such as those at high elevations. The method can therefore save time and money that would otherwise be spent on excavation, insulation removal and scaffolding.

A ring of transducers is fitted around the pipeline and the transducers generate and receive low frequency (5 to 250 kHz) ultrasonic guided waves along the pipe. The low frequency operation helps to generate non-dispersive ultrasonic guided wave and to reduce the attenuation for long-range pipeline inspection. The returning echoes indicate defects such as corrosion and other abnormalities.

In LRUT, ultrasonic waves are transmitted along the length of the structure, and any reflections or diffractions caused by defects or irregularities are detected by sensors located at specific intervals. By analyzing the signals received, technicians can identify and locate potential defects such as corrosion, cracks, and wall thinning in the structure.

LRUT is particularly useful for inspecting pipelines and other structures that are difficult to access or have long spans, as it allows for efficient and comprehensive testing without the need for extensive dismantling or excavation. This method can help identify issues early on and prevent costly repairs or failures.

Our inspectors are highly experienced in using LRUT and are ASNT/CSWIP Level I or II and qualified; they can provide you with an accurate assessment of the condition of your pipelines.

LRUT can be used for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Insulated Piping
  • Buried Piping/Road Crossings
  • Wharf and Jetty Piping
  • Offshore Piping (in splash zones)
  • Pipe Penetrations/Bund Wall

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Short-Range Ultrasonic Testing (SRUT)

Short Range Ultrasonic Testing for Inspection of Corrosion under Support and Tank Annular Plate

Short range guided wave testing (SRGWT) is an application of guided ultrasonic sound waves using special types of probes. When the guided waves hit the discontinuities, the mode converted sound is reflected back and received by the transducer.

A short-range technique, it allows us to utilize higher frequency sound waves resulting in much higher sensitivity and resolution. A specially programmed ultrasonic focal law is used to generate short range guided waves. The probe is usually scanned over a region that is easily accessible and clean of surface irregularities, facing in the direction of the region of interest which is usually inaccessible due to support structures or pure geometry of the test object.

The major benefit of this technique is that it can be used to detect corrosion on plates and pipes that are inaccessible due to support structures, braces, brackets, saddles, legs, under insulations or other types of obstructions in the way of the region of interest. Another application is steel structures coated or surrounded by concrete.

Ideal Applications:

  • Most ideal for rapid detection of corrosion and erosion including sizing in accessible areas for up to 2metres length under structures e.g. Annular rings, Braces, brackets, saddles, legs etc.
  • Short Range Ultrasonic testing can detect metal loss in steel plates and pipe walls concealed under the support structures or annular plates in tanks
  • Tank floor annular ring, annular plate
  • Steel having concrete coated interfaces
  • Under pipe support and pressure vessel support

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Pulsed Eddy Current Testing (PECT)

Pulsed Eddy Current Testing (PECT) and other advanced eddy current inspection techniques are ideal tools for detecting corrosion under insulation (CUI) and fireproofing (CUF).

In PECT, a probe is placed on the surface of the material being inspected, and a pulsed eddy current is induced into the material. The eddy currents interact with the material’s properties, such as conductivity and permeability, and any changes in these properties, such as corrosion or material loss, affect the eddy currents. The probe then detects and analyzes the response of the eddy currents, providing information about the material’s condition.

To generate and capture PECT, first, a magnetic field is created by an electrical current in the coils of the probe. It penetrates through the cladding, any non-conductive insulation (concrete, silicate, insulation with weather jacket or marine growth) and stabilizes in the component thickness. Then, the emission is cut off. This abrupt change induces eddy currents that will be captured by the probe. PECT can be applied to in-service assets, and can detect damages through insulation and fireproofing, so it is an effective tool for corrosion-under-insulation (CUI) and flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) assessments. A Small amount of water can accelerate corrosion if faulty seals or inadequate construction allow it to penetrate the interface between metal and insulation or fireproofing materials in steel. Passive fire protection and insulation can hide signs of degradation, and if left undetected, corrosion can then cause the failure of steel support structures, piping systems, vessels and other assets.

PECT is known for its ability to penetrate through coatings and insulation, making it suitable for inspecting structures with protective layers. PEC can be used to detect CUI and corrosion under fireproofing (CUF) in a wide variety of assets, including:

  • Petrochemical Plants & Refineries
  • Power Generation
  • Marine Applications
  • Pressure Vessels
  • Other metallic Components

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Alternate Current Field Measurement (ACFM)

Alternating Current Field Measurement (ACFM) is an electromagnetic technique for detection and sizing of surface breaking cracks.

Alternate Current Field Measurement (ACFM) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that is used for detecting and sizing surface-breaking cracks and defects in metallic materials. ACFM is particularly effective for inspecting materials that are coated, insulated, or have rough surfaces.

In ACFM, an alternating current is applied to a probe that generates a magnetic field around the material being inspected. When the probe passes over a defect, such as a crack, the magnetic field is disrupted, creating changes in the field that are detected by the probe. By analyzing these changes, technicians can identify the presence and size of defects without the need for direct contact with the material. ACFM can help ensure the safety and integrity of critical assets by detecting defects early and facilitating timely maintenance and repair actions.

ACFM is known for its ability to provide accurate and reliable inspections, even in challenging environments where traditional methods may be limited. ACFM can be used for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Weld Inspection
  • Pipelines Inspection
  • Aircraft Maintenance
  • Structural Integrity Assessment
  • Marine Industry

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Magnetic Flux Leakage Inspection (MFL) for Tanks

Magnetic flux leakage (MFL) is a magnetic method of non-destructive testing that is used to detect corrosion, pitting and wall loss in steel structures.

Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) inspection is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique commonly used for inspecting the integrity of storage tanks, pipelines, and other ferromagnetic structures. MFL is particularly effective for detecting corrosion, wall loss, and other defects in tanks and pipes.

During an MFL inspection of a tank, a magnetic field is induced into the material using a magnetized probe or tool. Any areas with corrosion or wall thinning will disrupt the magnetic field, causing leakage of magnetic flux. Sensors or detectors located on the opposite side of the tank’s wall then detect these leaks in the magnetic field, providing information about the location and size of defects. 

MFL inspections are known for their high sensitivity and ability to quickly scan large areas, making them efficient for inspecting storage tanks and pipelines for integrity issues. The data collected during an MFL inspection can help identify potential problem areas, assess the extent of corrosion or defects, and prioritize maintenance and repair actions. MFL inspection plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety and reliability of storage tanks and pipelines in industries such as oil and gas, petrochemical, and manufacturing.

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Tube Testing Services

Eddy Current Testing (ECT)

Eddy current testing is commonly used for inspecting non-ferrous tubing in heat exchangers, steam generators, condensers, air coolers, and feedwater heaters.

Eddy Current Testing (ECT) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique commonly used to inspect conductive materials for surface and near-surface defects, such as cracks, corrosion, and material loss. ECT is based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. In ECT, an alternating current is passed through a coil or probe, creating an alternating magnetic field. When this probe is brought close to the material being inspected, eddy currents are induced within the material. Any disruptions in the material, such as defects or changes in conductivity, will alter the eddy currents, which in turn affect the electromagnetic field. The probe then detects these changes and provides information about the condition of the material.

ECT is known for its sensitivity to small defects, rapid inspection capabilities, and ability to detect defects close to the surface without the need for direct contact. ECT can help identify defects early, prevent equipment failures, and ensure the safety and reliability of critical components. It is a valuable tool in quality control, maintenance, and asset management programs.

Eddy Current Testing is widely used in various industries for inspecting components, structures, and materials, including:

  • Automotive
  • Manufacturing
  • Oil and gas

ECT is commonly employed for detecting surface cracks, corrosion, material thickness variations, and other defects that could compromise the integrity and performance of the material. By utilizing Eddy Current Testing as an NDT method, inspectors and engineers can quickly and accurately evaluate the condition of conductive materials, detect defects, and make informed decisions regarding maintenance, repair, and quality control processes.

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Eddy Current Array Testing (ECA)

Eddy Current Array (ECA) testing uses multiple coils arranged in an array to inspect conductive materials

Eddy Current Array (ECA) testing is an advanced non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that utilizes multiple eddy current coils or sensors arranged in an array to inspect a larger area of a test object simultaneously. ECA combines the principles of traditional eddy current testing with the benefits of array technology, allowing for faster and more comprehensive inspections. 

In ECA, the array of sensors is scanned over the surface of the material being inspected, generating multiple eddy current signals that provide detailed information about the condition of the material. By analyzing the signals from the array, technicians can detect and characterize defects such as cracks, corrosion, and material loss with high resolution and accuracy.

ECA offers several advantages over traditional eddy current testing, including improved inspection speed, enhanced sensitivity to small defects, and the ability to inspect complex geometries and irregular surfaces. It is commonly used in industries such as aerospace, power generation, and manufacturing for inspecting components like turbine blades, welds, and aerospace structures.

Eddy Current Array testing is a powerful tool for inspecting critical components, ensuring their integrity, and facilitating proactive maintenance and quality assurance programs.ECT/ ECA can be used for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Heat exchangers
  • Steam generators
  • Condensers
  • Air coolers
  • Feedwater heaters

By leveraging the advanced capabilities of Eddy Current Array technology in NDT, industries can achieve more efficient and effective inspection of critical components, ensuring the safety, reliability, and performance of assets and infrastructure.

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Internal Rotary Inspection System (IRIS)

IRIS is an ultrasonic technique employed to evaluate the remaining wall thickness of tubes and pipes.

Internal Rotary Inspection System (IRIS) is an advanced ultrasonic non-destructive testing (NDT) technique commonly used for inspecting the integrity of tubes and pipes, particularly in industries such as power generation, petrochemical, and aerospace. IRIS is highly effective for detecting and sizing wall-thickness variations, corrosion, pitting, and other defects in various materials, including metals and composites. 

In IRIS inspection, a specialized ultrasonic probe is inserted into the tube or pipe to be inspected. The probe contains a transducer that emits ultrasonic pulses into the material. These pulses travel through the material and reflect back to the transducer after interacting with the internal surface of the tube.

By analyzing the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulses to travel through the material and return to the transducer, technicians can determine the thickness of the wall and detect any defects or anomalies within the tube. The resulting data is then processed and visualized to create a detailed profile of the tube’s interior condition.

IRIS inspections are known for their high resolution, accuracy, and ability to detect defects in difficult-to-access areas. The technique is particularly useful for inspecting heat exchanger tubes, boiler tubes, condenser tubes, and other critical components where accurate evaluation of wall thickness and defects is essential for safe and reliable operation.

IRIS can be used for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Heat exchangers
  • Air Fin Fan Coolers
  • Boilers
  • Condensers
  • Feedwater heaters

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Magnetic Flux Leakage or Tube Testing (MFL)

Magnetic Flux Leakage testing (MFL) is a technique used for the inspection of tubes made of ferrous materials.

Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique commonly used for inspecting ferromagnetic tubes and pipelines for defects such as corrosion, wall thinning, and other anomalies. MFL works by inducing a magnetic field into the material being inspected and then detecting any leakage of magnetic flux caused by defects in the material.

In MFL tube testing, a magnetizer or magnetic yoke is used to magnetize the tube or pipe. As the magnetic field permeates through the material, any changes in wall thickness or defects cause disruptions in the magnetic field, resulting in leakage of magnetic flux. Sensors placed on the outer surface of the tube then detect these flux leakage signals, which can be analyzed to identify and locate defects in the material.

MFL is known for its ability to quickly and effectively inspect large volumes of tubing, making it suitable for applications such as inspecting heat exchanger tubes, pipelines, and boiler tubes. It is a sensitive technique that can detect both internal and external defects in ferromagnetic materials, providing valuable information about the condition of the inspected components. MFL can be used for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Most ideal for rapid inspection of aluminums finned tubes and all ferromagnetic heat exchanger tubes
  • Heat exchangers Tubes
  • Air Fin Fan Coolers

By using MFL for tube testing, industries can ensure the integrity and safety of their infrastructure, identify potential issues before they lead to failures, and maintain efficient operations.

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Near Field Testing (NFT)

Near Field Testing (NFT) is used to detect discontinuities on the internal surface of fin-fan type ferromagnetic (Carbon steel) heat exchanger tubes.

Near Field Testing (NFT) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that is used to inspect ferrous materials, such as steel, for surface-breaking defects like cracks, corrosion, and weld discontinuities. NFT utilizes the principles of electromagnetic induction to detect and evaluate these defects in a relatively shallow depth close to the surface of the material. 

NFT probes generate an alternating magnetic field that interacts with the material being tested in the near-field region close to the surface. Operating at a limited penetration depth of up to one-third of the probe’s diameter, NFT is highly sensitive to changes in material conductivity and permeability caused by defects such as cracks, pits, and corrosion. The probe’s specific coil configurations and geometries are optimized to focus the electromagnetic field near the surface, providing maximum sensitivity and resolution for defect detection. Data collected by the NFT probe is processed and analyzed using advanced signal processing techniques to identify and characterize defects, offering real-time insights into the nature and severity of detected anomalies.

By analyzing the signals captured by the sensor, technicians can identify and evaluate defects near the surface of the material. NFT is particularly useful for inspecting components with complex geometries, irregular surfaces, or where access is limited.

NFT can be used for:

  • Most ideal for fin-fan type heat exchanger tubes – Aluminum finned Carbon Steel tubes
  • NFT is excellent for detecting tube internal discontinuities
  • NFT is ideal for detecting internal corrosion, erosion, pitting and axial cracking

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Near Field Array Testing (NFA)

Near Field Array Testing (NFA) is one of the electromagnetic testing methods used to detect discontinuities on the internal surface of fin-fan type tubes and ferromagnetic (Carbon steel) heat exchanger tubes.

Near Field Array Testing (NFA) is an advanced non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that utilizes an array of electromagnetic sensors to inspect and evaluate the condition of materials for discontinuities, defects, and anomalies. NFA is particularly effective for detecting and characterizing flaws in metallic structures, welds, and components.

NFA utilizes an array of probes that generate alternating magnetic fields to interact with the material being tested in the near-field region close to the surface. By deploying multiple probes arranged in a specific configuration, NFA can provide increased coverage area, improved defect detection sensitivity, and enhanced depth sizing capabilities compared to traditional NDT methods. The data collected by the NFA array is processed and analyzed utilizing sophisticated algorithms and imaging techniques to generate detailed inspection results, enabling inspectors and engineers to make informed decisions about maintenance, repair, and quality control processes.

NFA can be used to detect various types of defects, including cracks, corrosion, inclusions, and delamination, with high sensitivity and accuracy. The array configuration allows for the inspection of larger areas in a single scan, making the technique efficient for evaluating complex structures and components.

NFA can be used for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Ferromagnetic Heat exchangers
  • Aluminums Fin Fan Coolers

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Remote Field Testing (RFT)

Remote Field testing is the most common technique used for ferromagnetic tubing inspection.

Remote Field Testing (RFT) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique commonly used to inspect ferromagnetic tubing, such as heat exchanger tubes, boiler tubes, and pipelines. RFT is based on the principles of electromagnetic induction and is particularly effective for detecting defects in thick-walled and multi-layered tubular structures.

In RFT, an alternating current is passed through a coil that generates a magnetic field in the tube being inspected. This magnetic field induces eddy currents in the material, creating a secondary magnetic field that extends beyond the immediate area of the coil. By measuring variations in the secondary magnetic field, technicians can detect defects such as corrosion, wall thinning, and cracking in the tube. RFT is designed to penetrate deeper into the material, typically up to four times the probe’s diameter, by inducing eddy currents in the material through the use of a transmitter-receiver coil configuration. The induced eddy currents generate a magnetic field that interacts with the material, allowing for detection of defects located below the surface or in areas with limited access. With its ability to penetrate deeper into ferromagnetic materials, Remote Field Testing offers a valuable tool for assessing the structural health of critical components and ensuring the safety and reliability of industrial infrastructure.

RFT is known for its ability to penetrate through multiple layers and coatings, making it suitable for inspecting materials with insulation or surface coatings. It can provide rapid and accurate inspections of large volumes of tubing, helping to identify defects early and prevent failures.RFT can be used for a wide range of applications, including:

  • Heat exchangers
  • Boilers
  • Condensers
  • Feedwater heaters

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Vacuum and Pressure Leak Testing

The IRS offers a range of tube leak testing methods for heat exchangers, condensers, and other tubular equipment, including both pressure and vacuum testing.
The IRS pressure/vacuum leak tester provides a straightforward and precise approach for testing tubes in boilers, condensers, and heat exchangers. It is the fastest and most accurate method for identifying leaky tubes that need plugging or replacement.

The vacuum tube tester uses compressed air to create a vacuum in the tube, achieving the desired negative pressure on the gauge for at least 5-10 seconds. A stable gauge reading indicates no leakage, while any movement of the gauge pointer suggests a possible through-wall discontinuity.
The pneumatic tube tester uses compressed air to pressurize the tube at a pressure of 2 – 4.1 Bar. It involves injecting air into the tube, plugging the tube from the other end, and holding until the pressure gauge reading stabilizes. A stable gauge reading for at least 5-10 seconds indicates no leakage, while any movement of the gauge pointer suggests a leak.
IRS’s tube leak inspection methods are known for their speed, convenience, effectiveness, and cost-efficiency.

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Digital Radiography (DR)

Advances in digital technology means digital radiography is becoming more widely used for detecting defects, cracks, corrosion, erosion and loss of wall thickness.

Digital Radiography (DR) is a modern non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that uses digital imaging technology to inspect and evaluate the internal structure of materials for defects, flaws, and abnormalities. DR has largely replaced traditional film-based radiography methods in many industries due to its numerous advantages, including faster image acquisition, improved image quality, and enhanced data management capabilities.

In DR, X-ray or gamma radiation is directed through the material being inspected onto a digital detector panel. The detector captures the radiation passing through the material and converts it into a digital image that can be immediately viewed and analyzed on a computer screen. The resulting digital radiographic images provide detailed information about the internal structure of the material, allowing for the detection of defects such as cracks, voids, inclusions, and weld discontinuities. 

Digital Radiography is widely used in industries such as automotive, manufacturing, and oil and gas for inspecting welds, castings, pipelines, and other critical components. It is a versatile and efficient NDT technique that plays a crucial role in ensuring the safety, quality, and integrity of materials and structures.

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Infrared Thermography (IR)

Thermography is a non-destructive testing method used to detect and measure small temperature differences to help find deterioration in assets and plant sites.

Infrared Thermography (IR) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that involves using infrared cameras to detect and visualize temperature variations on the surface of an object or material. This technique is based on the principle that all objects emit infrared radiation in proportion to their temperature, allowing IR cameras to capture and convert these thermal emissions into images or videos. By analyzing the temperature patterns displayed in these thermal images, inspectors can identify anomalies such as overheating, heat loss, or thermal gradients that may indicate defects or issues within the material or structure being inspected.

Infrared Thermography is widely used in various industries, including building inspection, electrical systems testing, mechanical equipment monitoring, and predictive maintenance, to detect problems such as faulty electrical connections, insulation deficiencies, mechanical wear, and water intrusion. The technique is particularly valuable for identifying hidden defects or anomalies that are not visible to the naked eye, enabling early detection and proactive maintenance before more significant issues develop.

IR inspections are non-contact and non-invasive, meaning they can be conducted safely and efficiently without disrupting operations or causing damage to the inspected equipment or structure. Overall, Infrared Thermography is a versatile and effective NDT technique that provides valuable insights into the thermal behavior of materials and components and prevent costly failures. 

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Magnetic Rope Testing for Wire Ropes (MRT)

Magnetic rope testing (MRT) is an essential mean to provide safe operation of steel wire ropes onshore and offshore.

Magnetic Rope Testing (MRT) is a specialized non-destructive testing (NDT) technique used for the inspection and evaluation of wire ropes, cables, and similar structures in various industries such as mining, construction, maritime, and transportation. MRT is a valuable method for detecting internal and external flaws, corrosion, broken wires, and other defects that may compromise the integrity and safety of wire ropes.

Magnetic Rope Testing (MRT) checks steel wire ropes for defects like broken wires, corrosion, or wear. By fully magnetizing a section of the rope and measuring changes in the magnetic field, MRT assesses its condition. This method is crucial as wire ropes weaken over time and must be retired before failure to ensure safety. MRT equipment is portable and attaches to the rope during operation, using sensors to detect irregularities and transmit data for analysis. It measures Loss in Metallic Area (LMA) and detects Localized Faults (LF) along the rope’s length, providing essential maintenance insights.

  • Local Flaw (LF) refers to discontinuities like broken or damaged wires, corrosion pits, or grooves that degrade rope integrity locally.
  • Loss of Metallic Cross-Sectional Area (LMA) measures material loss along the wire rope, comparing points with a reference for maximum cross-sectional area.

The data collected during MRT inspections can be analyzed to assess the integrity of the wire rope and determine whether it meets safety and performance standards. By detecting defects early and accurately, MRT helps prevent unexpected failures, improve safety, and extend the service life of wire ropes in various industries.

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Acoustic Emission Testing (AET)

Acoustic Emission Testing used for Health monitoring of the structure and equipment.

Acoustic Emission Testing (AET) is a non-destructive testing (NDT) technique that involves monitoring the acoustic signals emitted by materials when they undergo stress or deformation. By placing sensors on the surface of the material being tested, AET can detect and analyze the high-frequency acoustic waves generated by internal defects, cracks, or structural changes. Acoustic emission testing is used across various industries, including oil and Gas, construction and manufacturing, to evaluate the integrity of materials and structures, monitor for potential failures, and ensure safety and reliability. It can be particularly valuable for detecting flaws in materials that might be difficult to access using other testing methods or for monitoring the progression of defects over time.

Some common defects detected by AET inspection include:

  • Active Corrosion
  • Behavior of materials: metals, ceramics, composites, rocks, concrete, etc.
  • Crack Propagation
  • Hydrogen induced defects

Acoustic Emission (AE) Inspection Applications

  • Continuous structural health monitoring (SHM) – bridges, metallic structures, mines, etc.
  • Periodic testing – pressure vessels, pipelines, bridges, cables, storage tanks, offshore platforms, Valves
  • Tube leak monitoring

AET is a valuable NDT technique for identifying hidden defects, monitoring structural changes, and assessing the integrity of materials and structures in a wide range of applications. By detecting and analyzing acoustic emissions, AET helps enhance safety, prevent failures, and optimize maintenance strategies in various industries.

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3D Laser Scanning

3D laser scanning serves as a vital tool in construction, engineering, and architecture, converting real-world sites into digital 3D models.

3D laser scanning in NDT is a cutting-edge technology that utilizes laser beams to capture detailed three-dimensional representations of the surface geometry and characteristics of an object or structure. This non-destructive testing (NDT) method is used to create high-resolution digital models of components, assets, and infrastructure for inspection, analysis, and documentation purposes as it captures the shape, size, and details of objects or environments using laser beams emitted by a 3D scanner. 

The scanner measures the distance to the object’s surface by calculating the time taken for laser beams to reflect back. It collects numerous distance measurements from different angles to create a point cloud, representing the object’s surface. Specialized software processes this data to generate a detailed 3D model used for purposes like reverse engineering, quality control, and digital preservation. IRRSB provide 3D laser survey to clients involved in a wide range of industries including shipbuilding, chemical plants, oil and gas, nuclear power plants and civil engineering. 3D laser scanning is used in a wide range of industries, including automotive, construction, energy, manufacturing, and more, for NDT applications such as quality control, dimensional inspection, reverse engineering, as-built documentation, and maintenance planning. 

By leveraging advanced 3D laser scanning technology in NDT, inspectors and engineers can efficiently and effectively assess the condition of assets, identify defects, and make informed decisions to optimize maintenance, repair, and asset management processes. The detailed and accurate 3D models obtained through laser scanning provide valuable insights for improving safety, reliability, and performance across various industries.

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